?A removable full denture for the lower jaw is being made for a 75-year-old man. Objectively the alveolar process is slightly atrophied. Herbst tests are performed during ?tting of an impression tray. When lips are stretched forwards the tray slips off. Where should the tray edge be shortened in this case?
A 18-year-old boy complains of bleeding and pain in her gums. The disease onset was 4 days ago. Objectively the skin is pale, body temperature is 38.5°C. Her submandibular lymph nodes on the left are enlarged, painful, non-fused with the surrounding tissues. The gingival papillae and gingival margin in the area of 33, 34, 35, 36, and 37 are hyperemic, ulcerated, and covered in necrotic deposit. Teeth present with soft dental plaque. Make the diagnosis:
A 60-year-old man complains of stabbing pain near the root of the tongue on the right, which develops during eating, especially sour food. Objectively: there is a swelling in the right submandibular area. On palpation the submandibular gland is dense and enlarged. Excretory duct ori?ce of the right submandibular gland is dilated and produces mucopurulent secretion. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 19-year-old woman, an actress, complains of discoloration of her left maxillary central incisor. One year ago the pulp of this tooth was removed and the tooth was ?lled. Gradually the tooth assumed grayish color. Objectively the 11 is ?lled, discolored, ?rm, painless on percussion. Deep occlusion is observed. What part of the clinical presentation contraindicates installation of an all-porcelain crown?
A 32-year-old woman needs a denture. On objective examination the decision was made in favor of porcelain-fused-to-metal crown. What material should be used in this case to obtain the impression?
Parents of a 6-month-old child complain of their child having a large amount of dental deposit in the oral cavity. Objectively the oral mucosa is hyperemic, covered in white easily removed deposit that resembles curdled milk. What is the causative agent of this disease?
A 55-year-old man complains of heartburn and unpleasant sensations in his tongue. The patient has been suffering from gastritis with low acidity for approximately 5 years. What changes in the tongue are the most likely to be detected in this patient?
A 10-year-old child is referred by the orthodontist for extraction of tooth 53. Objectively the crown of 53 is retained, the tooth is immobile. X-ray of tooth 53 shows root resorption by less than 1/3. Choose the best instrument for extraction of tooth 53:
A 24-year-old woman has Richmond crown being made to restore the crown of the central maxillar incisor. The cap is completed. What is the next step of prosthesis-making?
Removable full dentures are being made for a 65-year-old man. Progenic occlusion is determined. What are the speci?cs of teeth placement in case of progenic occlusion of edentulous jaws?
A 53-year-old patient complains of pain and clicking in the left temporomandibular joint. Objectively: the face is symmetrical, palpation of the lateral pterygoid muscles is painful on the left side. Mouth opening is reduced. Tomography shows smooth bone outline of joint surfaces. Which disease of those listed below corresponds with this clinical presentation?
A 47-year-old man complains of partial loss of his upper teeth. The patient's medical history states loss of teeth due to trauma sustained 3 months ago. 11 and 12 are lost. 13, 21, and 22 are destroyed by 2/3 and restored with ?llings. Occlusion is orthognathic. What denture construction would be optimal for this patient, considering his occupation as a lecturer?
A 7-year-old boy is diagnosed with epidemic parotitis (mumps). Name the most likely complication of this disease:
During preventive examination a 40-yearold man presents with the following changes: marginal gingiva is enlarged, torus-shaped, cyanotic, slightly bleeding when touched with a dental probe; there is no pain. Staining the gums with Lugol's iodine solution results in light-brown coloring of mucosa. Make the diagnosis:
A 4-year-old boy has been diagnosed with acute purulent periostitis of the upper jaw originating from the 64 tooth. Choose the optimal treatment tactics:
An adolescent complains of reduced and painful mouth opening, dif?culties when eating, and swelling in the left mandibular angle that developed after tooth 37 was extracted 3 days ago. Objectively the face is asymmetric due to soft tissue swelling in the area of the left mandibular angle. Mouth opening is painful and reduced to 2.0 cm. Disturbed occlusion is observed. Palpation of the left mandibular angle is painful, the tissues are soft, bone crepitus is detected. ”Indirect load to the chin” symptom is positive in the area of the left mandibular angle. The socket of the extracted tooth is packed with iodoform gauze. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 32-year-old man has metallic inlay made for him. The denture is being made for tooth 36 with Black's class I carious cavity. What surfaces of the inlay should be ?led down and polished before ?xing the denture?
A 12-year-old boy complains of painful and bleeding gums on his upper jaw. Objectively the gingival margin in the area of the 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, and 23 teeth is swollen, hyperemic, deformed due to gingival overgrowths. Gingival papillae cover the crowns by 1/3 of their height, bleed on touch. Upper front teeth are overcrowded. X-ray shows no pathological changes of the periodontium. What drugs should be administered for topical treatment in the ?rst place?
A 43-year-old woman complains of mobility and displacement of her upper front teeth. Objectively: dental formula is
17 16 15 14 13 12 11 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
47 46 45 44 43 42 41 31 32 33 34 35 36 37.
Teeth 12 11 21 22 are slanted towards the vestibular side, diastema and tremata are observed, I-II degree teeth mobility is detected. Select the orthodontic appliance for correction of teeth misalignment as a part of complex treatment of periodontal disease:
A 45-year-old man complains of toothache and mobility of his upper front teeth. Objectively his dental formula is as follows:
17 16 15 14 13 12 11 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
47 46 45 44 43 42 41 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 .
Dental cervices of 13 12 11 21 22 are exposed and demonstrate mobility of the III degree. Mobile teeth are to be extracted and immediate denture is to be made for the patient. How soon after the teeth extraction should such dentures be inserted?
A 56-year-old man complains of swelling and pain in his right parotid area. The swelling was noticed 5-6 months ago. Objectively right-sided paresis of the facial muscles can be determined. Palpation reveals there a modrately painful tuberous tumor fused with surrounding tissues. In the center of the tumor there is an area of softening. Submandibular and cervical lymph nodes on the right are enlarged and dense. The mouth can be opened without restriction. There is no saliva out?ow from the opening of the right parotid gland. What provisional diagnosis can be made?
Parents of a 3-year-old child report that the child suffers from constant pain in the upper front teeth. Objectively: the coronal part of the 61 tooth is gray and decayed. Probing of the root canal ori?ce is painful and accompanied by bleeding. The tooth percussion provokes acute pain. Mucosa is hyperemic, edematic and painful. Palpation in the region of the 61 and 62 teeth reveals a ?stula. What is the provisional diagnosis?
Puncture sample taken from a 13-yearold child contains giant Reed-Sternberg cells. What diagnosis can be con?rmed by the cell content of this puncture material?
A 25-year-old man complains of genelal malaise, high body temperature, acute gingival bleeding, and gingival enlargement. He has a history of nosebleeds. Objectively the patient presents with systemic lymphoid hyperplasia, pallor of skin and mucosa, II-III degree hyperplasia of the gingival mucosa, hemorrhages into the buccal mucosa, and ulcers covered with gray deposit. What examination method would be optimal for diagnosis-making in this case?
A 19-year-old young man complains of constant pain in tooth 22, which intensi?es on biting with this tooth, sensation of ”protruding” tooth, and upper lip edema. The patient has history of upper jaw trauma. Objectively tooth 22 is intact. Vertical percussion is acutely painful. The upper lip is swollen, mucogingival fold in the area of tooth 22 is red and painful on palpation. What examination method is necessary for diagnosismaking in this case?
A patient complains of carious cavity in tooth 11. The ?lling was lost one week ago. The tooth crown is dark, there is residual ?lling material at the bottom of the carious cavity. Vertical percussion is painless. X-ray shows an oval area of bone tissue resorption with clear margins, 0.4х0.3 cm in size. The root canal is ?lled by 2/3 of its length. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 28-year-old man is referred for oral cavity sanation. On examination there is a ?lling on the masticatory surface of tooth 17, percussion is painless. Mucosa in the root apex projection of 17 is cyanotic, vasoparesis symptom is positive. X-ray shows foci of bone tissue destruction with fuzzy margins in the area of root apices, root canals are not ?lled. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 30-year-old woman complains of mild burning sensation in her lower lip and its dryness. She peels skin scales off with her teeth. She has been presenting with this condition for 10 years. On examination the skin scales are gray and located on the lip from the Klein's line to the center of the vermillion border from angle to angle of the mouth. The scales are ?rmly attached in the center and are loose on the periphery. Their forcible removal does not result in erosions. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 32-year-old patient presents with body temperature of 38.9°C, general fatigue, impaired speech, inability to eat. This condition has been recurring for the last 4 years in autumn and spring. There are vesicles and erosions with grayish ?brinous coating on the hyperemic and swollen labial and buccal mucosa. Nikolsky's sign is negative. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 28-year-old woman complains of persisting pain in tooth 34, which intensi?es on biting. Four days ago arsenic paste was left in the 34. The patient missed her appointment with the dentist. Objective examination detected occlusive dressing on the distal masticatory surface of tooth 34, percussion is acutely painful. What treatment tactics would be the most advisable in this case?
A 35-year-old man came to the prosthodontic clinic with complaints of teeth mobility on his lower jaw. What type of occlusion stabilization is recommended in this case?
A 57-year-old patient complains of tooth mobility and inability to eat. Objectively: the lower 35, 36, 37, 38, 44, 45, 46 and 48 teeth are missing; the 31, 32, 33, 34, 41, 42, 43, 47 teeth exhibit grade II mobility, their clinical crowns are low, tooth equator is not pronounced. What is the optimal denture construction in this case?
A 16-year-old young man complains of temperature increase up to 38.7°C, pain when eating and swallowing, foul acrid smell from his mouth. Lymph nodes, especially cervical ones, are enlarged, mobile, and painless. Objectively the patient presents with generalized hyperemia of the oral mucosa, multiple petechiae, necrotic spots, and profuse coating of the anterior pharynx. Blood test: increased ESR, marked leukocytosis, monocytosis, atypical mononuclear cells, thrombocytopenia. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 57-year-old retired man complains of attacks of burning pain and rashes on the skin of his face and oral mucosa on the right. Anamnesis: a course of radiation therapy for treatment of gastric disease, past case of chickenpox. Objectively: along the third branch of the trigeminal nerve the skin of the face presents with isolated erosions covered in ?brinous coating. There are multiple vesicles on the hyperemic and swollen oral mucosa. Right-sided lymphadenitis is observed. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 12-year-old girl has complaint of a carious cavity in her tooth. Objectively: there is Black's class 1 carious cavity in the 36 tooth; it is localized in the parapulpar dentin; the mouth of the cavity is wide. The dentin is dense and pigmented. It is sensitive to cold stimulus, percussion is painless. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 35-year-old woman has complaints of cosmetic defects of the front upper teeth crowns. The defects have been aggravating for the last 10 years. The patient suffers from unpleasant sensations when brushing her teeth, and when chemical stimuli are applied. Objective examination revealed defects localized in the enamel of the front upper teeth vestibular surface. The defects are oval, saucer-shaped, and have clear margins. Response to probing and cold stimuli was positive. Make the diagnosis:
A patient complains of dull ache in the 16 tooth, which occurs during eating cold food. Previously the tooth had been ?lled due to deep caries, the ?lling was lost 1 year ago. Objectively: a deep carious cavity that does not communicate with the tooth cavity is present; percussion is painless, probing is painful along the whole ?oor of the carious cavity. Electric pulp test - 50 microamperes. Thermodiagnosis is painful. Make the diagnosis:
A 35-year-old man complains of thickening of his maxillary alveolar process. Preliminary diagnosis of maxillary radicular cyst was made. What substance will be obtained as the result of the puncture of the alveolar process in the area of buccal thickening?
Six months ago a 40-year-old man had his tooth 26 extracted; afterwards his oral cavity and maxillary sinus became communicating and the patient developed the ?rst signs of maxillary sinusitis. What surgical procedure should be performed in this case?
A 46-year-old woman complains of bleeding gums, suppuration, teeth mobility. She has been presenting with these signs for 10 years. On examination her upper and lower gums are hyperemic, swollen, bleed on touch. In the area of 42, 41, 31, and 32 periodontal pockets are up to 8 mm deep, contain purulent discharge; these teeth demonstrate mobility of the II degree, other teeth present with mobility of the I degree. In the area of 42, 41, 31, and 32 X-ray shows interalveolar septa resorption by 1/2 of the root length and signs of osteoporosis. What is the most advisable method of surgical treatment in this case?
A 40-year-old man had his root canal of the34tooth?lled due to chronic ?brous periodontitis. Soon the treated place became painful. On X-ray the root canal of the 34 tooth is ?lled to the root apex. What tactics should the dentist choose to manage the pain?
A 49-year-old man was diagnosed with recurrence of lower lip cancer two years after he had undergone radiation therapy. Objectively in the area of his lower right lip there is a neoplasm 1x2 cm in size with an ulcer in its center. In the right submandibular area there are 2 round, enlarged, dense, painless lymph nodes. What approach to the treatment would be optimal in this case?
During regular check-up a 6.5-year-old child presents with carious cavity on the distal proximal surface of 65 within mantle dentin. Cavity walls and bottom are pigmented, dense, painless on probing; there is no response to cold stimulus; percussion is painless. During tooth preparation there is tenderness at the level of dentinoenamel junction. What is the most likely diagnosis?
After adenotonsillectomia it is necessary to break the mouth breathing habit in a 4year-old child. The orthodontist recommends application of an oral vestibular shield (Kerbitz' vestibular plate). Vestibular shield facilitates training of the following muscle:
A 30-year-old man presents with fresh median mandibular fracture without visible displacement of the fragments. What will be the function of the dental apparatus to be prescribed in this case?
A 43-year-old woman complains of her lower teeth mobility. Objectively the teeth mobility is of the I-II degree. It is planned to make a full-cast removable occlusal splint for her. What material would be optimal for this splint?
A 4-year-old practically healthy child came for oral cavity sanation. Objectively on the masticatory surface of 75 there is a carious cavity within mantle dentin. The cavity is ?lled with softened dentin. Dentinoenamel junction is painful on probing. What material would be optimal for permanent ?lling?
A 7.5-year-old practically healthy child complains of crown fracture and pain in the upper right incisor. Objectively 2/3 of crown of 11 is absent, the pulp is exposed and red; on probing it is acutely painful and bleeding; tooth percussion is painful. The trauma occurred 2 hours ago. What would be the optimal treatment method in this case?
Parents of a 2.5-year-old child complain of gradual destruction of the upper front teeth of their child for the last several months. Objectively there are carious cavities within mantle dentin on the contact and vestibular surfaces of 52, 51, 61, and 62. The cavities are ?lled with softened pigmented dentin that can be easily removed with dental excavator. Make the provisional diagnosis:
A 49-year-old man complains of progressing reduction of mouth opening, pain on the left when swallowing, severe deterioration of his general well-being, temperature increase up to 39.3°C. Destroyed tooth 38 presents with acute pain. Objectively the face is symmetrical, the submandibular lymph nodes on the left are enlarged and painful on palpation. Palpation under the left mandibular angle and in the the left retromandibular area provokes sharp pain. Mouth opening and movement of the mandible to the left are signi?cantly reduced. The left pterygomandibular fold is hyperemic and in?ltrated. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 40-year-old man presents with pathologic teeth grinding caused by their functional overload due to the loss of many antagonist teeth. With direct occlusion, vertical grinding of the front teeth resulted in protrusion of the patient's lower jaw forwards. Interalveolar space is diminished, the lower third of the face is shortened. What would be the most advisable treatment in this case?
A 7-year-old child complains of pain and swelling in the left submandibular region. The swelling in this region developed 2 days ago. Objectively: the child is in a satisfactory condition, body temperature is of 37.3°C. Face is asymmetrical due to the soft tissue swelling in the left submandibular region. Palpation reveals a round formation 2x2 cm in size. The formation is mobile, painful, nonfused with the skin. The 74 tooth is discolored, percussion is painful. What is the provisional diagnosis?
A 48-year-old patient complains of the lower jaw teeth mobility. Van Thiel dental splint is to be made for prosthodontic treatment. What construction elements are supposed to ?xitinplace?
A 55-year-old man suffered a blow to the frontal mandibular area. He is diagnosed with mandibular fracture. Prior to trauma he was wearing removable dentures (partial laminar denture for the lower law and full denture for the upper jaw). What can be used for transport immobilization of the fracture?
A 57-year-old woman came to a dentist for extraction of the 34 tooth due to exacerbation of chronic periodontitis. What instrument would be optimal for tooth extraction in the given case?
A cast clasp-retained (bugel) removable partial denture is being made for a 58-yearold patient. Impressions are made, centric jaw relation is determined, plaster casts are obtained. What is the next stage?
A 7-year-old boy underwent ?ssure sealing in teeth 36 and 46. Fissure sealing would be most effective:
A 6-year-old girl took paracetamol to treat a case of URTI two days ago, which resulted in the development of her present condition. The disease onset was acute with temperature increase up to 39.8°C. Objectively there are cockade-shaped maculopapular rashes on her face. The vermilion border is swollen, hyperemic, covered in massive brown crusts, and presents with bleeding cracks. Conjunctivitis is detected. Swollen and hyperemic oral mucosa presents with numerous erosions covered with ?brinous incrustations; the erosions are sharply painful on palpation. What is the most likely diagnosis?
How often should the dentures be replaced in children during the period of milk occlusion according to Ilyina-Markosian?
On objective examination a 59-year-old man with the edentulous mandible presents with bone protrusions and mobile areas of the alveolar crest. To ensure proper ?xation of the denture and even load distribution the following functional impression should be made:
A 28-year-old man complains of pain in the infraorbital and parotid region on the left. On examination: hemorrhage occurs in the lower eyelid and conjunctiva of the left eye, there are signs of crepitation and step deformity of the eyesocket lower edge. The mouth opens by 1 cm. Make the diagnosis:
A child is 8 years old. There are complaints of congested upper incisors. Objectively: the ?rst molars closure is of Angle's I class, frontal overbite is orthognathic. The 12 and 22 teeth erupt palatinally with space de?ciency of 2/3 of the tooth crown. The 11 and 21 teeth are 10 mm each in cross-section. The child has inherited father's facial type with prognathism and macrodontia of the central incisors. Choose the preventive treatment, considering this hereditary pathology:
A 38-year-old woman complains of burning pain in her lips and angles of her mouth, their dryness. Anamnesis states that she has been suffering from diabetes mellitus for the last 8 years. Objectively: the vermillion border is dry, congestively hyperemic, covered in scales of varying size. In the angles of the mouth there are ?ssures covered in white coating, the skin is macerated. What ointment should be prescribed for topical treatment in the given case?
A 35-year-old woman complains of lips enlargement. The ?rst incident occurred one year ago, when she developed lip edema that abated quickly, but the lips remained slightly enlarged. Three days ago after overexposure to cold her lips enlarged again. Objectively: ptosis, upper and lower lips are markedly enlarged, more on the left, soft, elastic, and painless on palpation; no impressions on the lip surface are left after pressing it with a ?nger. The tongue is swollen, with tuberous surface and folds on its back. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 45-year-old man complains of dryness and pain in the lower lip. On examination: the lower lip is swollen, dry, covered in small scales and ?ssures. In the Klein area (wet-dry line) there are dilated openings of salivatory glands observed as red dots producing clear substance. The lower lip mucosa is lumpy. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 23-year-old man complains of gum bleeding when he brushes his teeth or eats solid food. Objectively: the gums of the front lower jaw are hyperemic, swollen and bleeding when palpated. Oral and gingival mucosa in other areas are not affected. The occlusion is deep. The teeth are ?rm, except for the 41 and 31 (degree 1 mobility). X-ray shows resorption of the alveolar septum in the area of the 41, 42, 32, and 31 teeth up to 1/3 of the root length. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 40-year-old man, a chemical industry worker, notes the sour sensation in his mouth, pain response to thermal and chemical stimuli. On examination: on the vestibular surface and cutting edge of the front teeth there are chalky enamel defects with uneven scalloped margins. Make the diagnosis:
A 42-year-old woman complains of acute lip enlargement, itching, and bursting sensation. She ascribes her condition to introduction of a new lipstick. On examination the lips are signi?cantly enlarged and turgid, on palpation they are ?rm, elastic, and painless. Regional lymph nodes are without changes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 50-year-old patient, an employee of the print shop, complains of foul smell from his mouth and excessive salivation. Objectively against the background of hyperemic and slightly swollen gums there is a blue-black border along the gum margin of the lower jaw and upper front teeth. There is a large amount of dental deposit observed. Name the type of stomatitis in this patient:
A 25-year-old man complains of incorrectly positioned maxillary left central incisor due to trauma sustained 2 months ago. Objectively tooth 21 is rotated around its axis into palatal position. What would be the most advisable treatment method for correction of this defect?
A 44-year-old woman complains of the face swelling in the right lower jaw area and teeth mobility. Objectively: soft tissues are without changes, the regional lymph nodes cannot be palpated. The alveolar process and the body of the lower jaw near the 46, 47, and 48 teeth are thickened, painless when palpated, and lumpy. The teeth in the thickened area are mobile. Puncture consists of brown ?uid without cholesterol crystals. What is the provisional diagnosis?
A 6.5-year-old child has closed nonpigmented ?ssures in the ?rst permanent molar, which have been revealed during preventive examination. Enamel transparency is retained, its probing reveals no coarseness. Choose the optimal method of treatment in this case:
A man complains of gingival pain in his upper left jaw and bleeding that occurs when he brushes his teeth or eats solid food. Objectively on the upper jaw he wears a swaged-soldered metal bridge with 14 and 16 as abutment teeth. The crown edge is pushed under the gingival margin by 0.3 mm. Intermediate part is closely ?tted to the gums. The mucosa is hyperemic, swollen, interdental papillae are smoothed out; touching mucosa with a dental instrument provokes bleeding. What medical tactics should the dentist choose in the ?rst place?
When checking construction of the soldered dental bridge with the 35 and 38 abutment teeth the following was detected: pores in the place where abutment crowns and intermediate part are soldered together; masticatory cusps are sharply de?ned; there is early contact with antagonist teeth; the intermediate part makes tight contact with the alveolar process mucosa. How can those ?aws be corrected?
A 50-year-old man was diagnosed with sialolithiasis with the salivary gland stone located deep within the salivary gland. Choose the optimal treatment tactics:
Due to lack of timely specialized treatment a 44-year-old man presents with incorrectly healed displaced mandibular fracture. Objectively the lower jaw narrows sharply, vestibular cusps of the lower teeth contact with oral cusps of the upper teeth. The patient declined surgical treatment. What treatment tactics should be chosen by the dentist in this case?
A 57-year-old man presents with habitual mandibular dislocation. To reduce mouth opening, Yadrova apparatus was made. How long should the treatment last in this case?
An HIV-infected patients needs a dental prosthesis. The dentist plans to make dental bridges for this patient. How should the instruments be processed after the appointment?
A 30-year-old man complains of pain in his front lower teeth, which he attributes to a trauma to the mental region. Objectively: continuous dentition, orthognathic occlusion. X-ray shows a median mandibular fracture. What dental splint would be optimal?
To make the external prosthesis for a 62year-old man it is necessary to obtain a Hippocrates facial moulage of this patient. What impression material should be used?
A 19-year-old young man complains of cosmetic defect of all his teeth, which developed immediately after the teeth eruption. Objectively on the vestibular and masticatory surfaces of all patient's teeth there are enamel defects, tooth crowns present with dark brown discoloration. Percussion and probing are painful. In this area ?uoride levels in water are 2.6 mg/L. Make the provisional diagnosis:
A 14-year-old teenager complains of dry and chapped lips especially in autumn and winter. Objetively the vermillion border is dry, in?ltrated, and covered in numerous scales. Skin of the lips is dense, pigmented, with pronounced pattern, peeling, and radial cracks. At the same time the skin of the face is dry, licheni?ed, and excoriated. What is the provisional diagnosis?
A 56-year-old patient suffering from exacerbation of schizophrenia has been hospitalized in an oral in-patient department with a diagnosis of the displaced mandibular fracture in the area of teeth 34 and 35. What method of treatment should be prescribed?
During preventive examination a 5-yearold child was determined to have insuf?cient physiological attrition of the cusps of the deciduous canines. What treatment tactics should the doctor choose?
A 60-year-old patient has been undergoing the procedure of checking the complete removable dentures construction and ?xing teeth on wax bases. The following ?aws have been detected: ?ssure between the teeth on the frontal area and cusp-to-cusp contact in the lateral area. What mistake had been made?
A 35-year-old man complains of sour sensation in his mouth and front teeth sensitivity to thermal and mechanical stimuli. Objective examination revealed visible changes in the enamel of 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, and 23. The enamel is dull, rough, missing on the cutting edge. Probing of the vestibular surface of these teeth is painful, response to thermal stimuli is positive. The patient's medical record states his occupation in industrial production of inorganic acids. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 55-year-old man was delivered into the hospital with bilateral mandibular fracture within the dentition. Objectively teeth 34, 35, 36, 45, and 46 are missing. Lower incisors are mobile (I-II degree). Fragment displacement is insigni?cant. What splint should be made forthispatient?
A 30-year-old patient is diagnosed with acute suppurative odontogenic periostitis of the upper left jaw originating from tooth 23. The crown of 23 on the left is destroyed with caries by 1/3. Teeth 22 and 24 are intact. Spot?lm X-ray shows widening of the periodontal ?ssure of 23. What treatment would be the most advisable in this case?
A 30-year-old patient complains of pain and swelling in the area of the left parotid salivary gland, which occurred 7 days after he had undergone abdominal cavity surgery. Objectively: body temperature is 39°C, reduced mouth opening, dry mouth; when the gland is massaged, there is purulent exudate being secreted from its duct. The patient can be diagnosed with the following disease:
A 45-year-old man presents with facial asymmetry due to a dense isolated in?ltration in his right buccal area; the skin over the in?ltration is cyanotic, thinned out; in the center of the in?ltration there is a ?stula. In theoralcavitythecrownof46isdestroyed by 2/3, along the mucogingival fold the band connecting the tooth with the ?stula can be palpated. Make the diagnosis:
A 53-year-old patient complains of an ulcer on the lateral surface of the tongue. The ulcer appeared 6 months ago as the result of a trauma caused by sharp tip of the 37 tooth metal crown. A dentist replaced the crown with the one of better quality and prescribed keratoplastic drugs. Despite these measures the ulcer continues to grow. Lately there has been pain observed during talking, chewing, swallowing; sometimes the pain irradiates to the pharynx. Objectively on the lateral surface of the tongue there is a painful ulcer with uneven raised dense margins and lumpy ?oor with grayish necrotic coating. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 13-year-old child complains of periodical gingival bleeding during teeth brushing, which has been observed for half a year. Objectively the gingival mucosa in the frontal mandibular area presents with congestive hyperemia and edema. Decay-missing-?lled (DMF) index equals 4. Oral cavity hygiene is unsatisfactory. In this case it is necessary to recommend the patient the toothpastes with:
A 70-year-old man has edentulous maxilla. Objectively maxillary tuberosity and alveolar processes are completely atrophied; palatine vault is ?at, its mucosal layer is moderately pliant. In this case the patient's atrophic edentulous maxilla can be classi?ed as:
Teeth 71 and 81 erupted in a 6-year-old child, the lower jaw is retrogenic, the palate is ?at with pronounced cross-folds. Determine the condition of the oral cavity:
A 12-year-old girl complains of pain in her mouth that occurs during eating. According to her medical history these symptoms reemerge once or twice per year. Objectively on the mucogingival fold there are 3 aphthae 5-7 mm in size, they have yellowish coating and in?amed red border and are acutely painful on touch. Name the most likely diagnosis:
An 8-year-old girl complains of tooth 21 discoloration and pain response to hot stimulus. Several months ago tooth 21 was treated for acute diffuse pulpitis by means of vital amputation. Objectively tooth 21 is ?lled, percussion is painless. X-ray shows the rooth to be formed by 2/3, cortical plate of the tooth socket remains intact in the area of root radix. What material should be used for root canal ?lling in this case?
The medical station of a regiment received a patient with signs of bilateral mandibular fracture. What is the main task of ?rst aid in this case?
A 35-year-old man has been hospitalized into a dentofacial unit with complaints of mobility of the 38, 37, and 36 teeth and a ?stulous tract in the socket of the extracted 35 tooth. The condition has been persisting for 3 months. Insertion of a grooved probe into the ?stulous tract palpated a bared coarse bone fragment that easily moved under pressure. X-ray of the lower jaw demonstrates a focus of bone tissue destruction, with a spot of dense bone tissue 0.5х0.3 cm in size. Make the diagnosis:
A 10-year-old child complains of persisting throbbing pain in tooth 36, which appeared one day ago. Hot stimulus aggravates the pain, while cold mitigates it slightly. Objectively on the masticatory and medial surfaces of tooth 36 there is a deep carious cavity non-communicating with the dental cavity. Probing of the cavity bottom and percussion are painful. X-ray shows no pathologic changes of the periodontium. What treatment method shold be chosen in this case?
A 11-year-old child complains of pain in the lower right lateral tooth, which occurs when eating, especially hot food. On the masticatory surface of the 46 tooth there is a large carious cavity ?lled with softened lightbrown dentin. The cavity is located within parapulpar dentin. In the projection of the medial buccal pulp horn the carious cavity communicates with the pulp chamber. Deep probing is painful. Electric pulp test - 60 microamperes. Make the diagnosis:
A 7-year-old practically healthy child was undergoing the carious cavity preparation of tooth 46 due to acute median caries. During this procedure the mesio-buccal pulp horn was accidentally exposed. What treatment would be optimal in this case?
A woman complains of pain in her gums, unpleasant smell from her mouth, dif?cult eating, general weakness, lowgrade fever. Objectively her gums are hyperemic, with areas of ulceration, covered in necrotic deposit. Microscopy revealed fusospirochetosis. Choose the medication for etiotropic treatment:
A man complains of gingival bleeding that has been persisting for the last 2 years. Objectively he presents with chronic diffuse catarrhal gingivitis, teeth mobility is of the I degree, periodontal pockets are 2-3 mm deep with small amount of serous exudate, occlusion is markedly traumatic. X-ray shows damaged cortical plate, enlarged periodontal ?ssure in the apical areas of the interalveolar septa, osteoporosis, and interalveolar septa resorption by 1/3 of their height. Make the diagnosis:
A 55-year-old man came to the prosthodontic clinic to have a denture made for him. Tooth 11 is missing in the patient. Two days ago he was released from the in-patient unit after a case of myocardial infarction. What tactics should the dentist choose?
A 23-year-old man complains of acute gingival bleeding and unpleasant smell from the mouth that appeared 5 days ago. Objectively gingival papillae and marginal gingiva are friable, bright red, swollen, painful, and bleed profusely on palpation. Gingival pockets are 3 mm deep. X-ray shows marked osteoporosis of the interalveolar septa, periodontal ?ssure in the apical areas of the interalveolar septa is enlarged. Cortical plate is intact. Make the diagnosis:
A 27-year-old patient has been referred by a prosthodontist for endodontic treatment of the 45 tooth. Objectively: the 45 tooth crown is destroyed; the lateral surface of the tongue and the buccal mucosa have patches of grayish macerated epithelium slightly protruding above the mucosa surface at the points of direct contact with the 45 tooth. The uvula and palatal bars are stagnantred in colour; hard palate has papulae surrounded with red margin and covered in grayish epithelium. The submandibular, cervical, supraclavicular, and subclavicular lymph nodes are enlarged and painless. What is the provisional diagnosis?
A 6-year-old boy with congenital heart disease (pulmonary artery stenosis) presents with suppurative periostitis of the maxilla. The child needs surgical treatment. What unit should he be referred to?
Parents of a 3-year-old child complain of food periodically getting into the child's nasal cavity during feeding. Objectively there is a ?ssure in the area of the soft palate. Make the diagnosis:
A 9-year-old girl complains of persisting pain in tooth 11 that one month ago sustained a trauma resulting in broken crown. The tooth received no treatment. Objectively the 1/4 of the tooth crown of 11 is broken off, the remaining crown is grayish, the dental cavity is not exposed. Percussion is acutely painful. The mucogingival fold is hyperemic and acutely painful on palpation. Make the diagnosis:
A patient complains of fever up to 38°C, headache, pain in the joints anf muscles, vesicles in the oral cavity, mainly in the frontal part. Eating is sharply painful. For the last several years the disease has been recurring during wet and windy weather. The patient often suffers from cases of URTI. Objectively: on the buccal, lingual, labial mucosa there are con?uent erosions against the erythematous background, with gray-white coating. There are bloody scabs on the vermillion border and in the angles of the mouth. Make the diagnosis:
A patient with complaints of toothache in the left upper jaw has made an appointment with a dental clinic. He was diagnosed with chronic periodontitis of the 24 tooth. What kind of anesthesia is necessary for painless extraction of the 24 tooth?
A 2.5-year-old child is registered for regular check-ups with the orthodontist. The I stage of physiogical occlusion development corresponds with eruption of the following group of temporary teeth:
Due to trauma of the area of teeth 44 and 45, a 12-year-old boy suffers from the pathologic displacement of the mandibular alveolar process and rupture of the alveolar process mucosa. What additional examination is necessary to specify the diagnosis?
A 12-year-old child presents with temperature 38°C, chills, nausea, vomiting, delirium, and weakness. On the middle third of the face there is hyperemia in a butter?y-shaped pattern. Regional lymph nodes are enlarged and mildly painful. In blood: leukocytes - 12 × 10⁹/L, lymphocytes 8.0×10⁹/L, ESR- 26 mm/hour. What diagnosis should be made?
X-ray of the patient shows a focus of bone destruction 3x4 cm in size in the mandibular body. The focus is structured as numerous small cavities different in size and shape and separated by septa. Tumor puncture yielded brown liquid. What is the most likely diagnosis?
An orthodontist has been addressed by parents of a 5-year-old child. The child has the 54 tooth extracted, all the other deciduous teeth are present. The doctor made a thinwall crown for the 55 tooth with interdental wedge to the 53 tooth. What is the purpose of such treatment?
Removable partial dentures for upper and lower teeth are being made for a 45-yearold man. Complete anatomical impressions were made using ”Ypeen” alginate material. What should be used for disinfection of obtained impressions?
A 48-year-old man complains of gingival overgrowth (”gums cover the teeth”). The patient suffers from epilepsy and takes anticonvulsant agents. Objectively gingival papillae are of normal color, dense, with lumpy surface; they do not bleed on probing and cover the lower front teeth up to their incisal surfaces. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 21-year-old man came to the dentist complaining of general weakness, muscle pain, body temperature up to 38.3°C, indigestion, excessive salivation, and rashes in the oral and nasal cavities, urethra, on the wings of the nose, and in the interdigital folds. These symptoms appeared after ingestion of milk during the patient's stay in the village. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 28-year-old man complains of painless sore in his mouth that persists despite the attempts at self-treatment. Objectively the regional lymph nodes on the left are enlarged and painless. Mucosa of the left cheek presents with round ulcer, 1 cm in diameter, with raised margins and cartilage-like in?ltration in its basis. The surface of the ulcer is colored meat red and painless on palpation. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 25-year-old woman made an appointment with the dental surgeon for oral cavity sanation. Objectively the crown of tooth 37 is destroyed by 2/3. Gingival mucosa around tooth 37 is without changes. What anesthesia should the dental surgeon give to the patient for the procedure of tooth extraction?
A 34-year-old man complains of soft tissues edema in his lower left jaw and ?stulae in the submandibular area. Teeth 36 and 37 are destroyed. Alveolar mucosa is swollen and hyperemic at the level of 36 and 37. X-ray detected sequestra in the mandibular body on the left. What treatment method should be chosen in this case?
A 42-year-old man was delivered to the hospital in the severe condition: inert, body temperature is 39.1°C, there is acutely painful in?ltration of the mouth ?oor and submandibular area on the right. The skin over the in?ltration is turgid and cyanotic. Palpation detects crepitus under the skin. What diagnosis can be made in this case?
After a blow to the temporomandibular joint the patient developed facial hematoma, the joint is dif?cult to move, mandibular mobility is reduced. Attempts to open the mouth wide are painful. What examination should be performed to make the diagnosis?
A 38-year-old man after a domestic accident complains of pain and mobility of his upper teeth, problems with eating. Objectively: soft tissues edema. The 11 and 21 teeth are displaced towards the palate, mobile (II degree), painful on percussion. Mucosa surrounding the affected teeth is hyperemic and swollen. X-ray demonstrates widened periodontal ?ssure of the 11 and 21. Choose the treatment method:
A 4-year-old child has developed acute spontaneous pain in the tooth on the lower right jaw, which aggravates on biting. Objectively: in the 85 tooth there is a deep carious cavity non-communicating with the dental cavity. Probing is sharply painful at all points of the cavity ?oor. Painful reaction to cold water stimulus and percussion is observed; mucosa surrounding the 85 is hyperemic. Submandibular lymphadenitis is detected. Make the provisional diagnosis:
During Eschler-Bittner test the pro?le of a 12-year-old girl with posterior occlusion has shown some improvement. Specify the condition that resulted in the development of posterior occlusion in this patient:
Parents of an 8-year-old girl complain of their child having an aesthetic defect of her teeth. Objectively the patient's lower face is shortened. Her chin protrudes forwards and her upper lip is sunken. During teeth closure the deep underbite becomes apparent. Mesio-occlusion is observed in the lateral areas. Choose the apparatus optimal for the treatment:
During or immediately after an injection, certain local complications can develop. What is NOT one of those complications?
What manipulation of those listed below is NOT a part of typical procedure of tooth extraction with forceps?
A patient needs the 36 tooth extracted. After administering anesthesia the doctor started applying the elevator. However, immediately after that the patient suddenly paled, complained of dizziness, ear noise, and blackout and slid down in the chair. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A child is diagnosed with congenital cleft in the soft palate and posterior part of the hard palate. What type of anesthesia should be given to the patient for uranostaphyloplasty?
A 6-year-old child complains of pain and edema in the upper right jaw, body temperature up to 37.9°C, and deterioration of general well-being. Symptom onset was 3 days ago. Objectively the face is asymmetric due to soft tissue edema of buccal and infraorbital regions on the right. The crown of 54 is destroyed by 1/2, percussion is painful; the tooth previously had been treated for complicated caries. On the palatine side of the affected tooth area there is a painful in?ltration with ?uctuation in its center; the tissues over the in?ltration are hyperemic. Make the provisional diagnosis:
A 27-year-old man presents with missing crown of 11. Objectively teeth 21 and 12 are intact; intraoral spot ?lm X-ray shows the root of 11 to be ?lled to the apex, no changes in the periapical tissues, no pathologic mobility. What construction of the denture should be recommended for this patient?
A 54-year-old patient complains of frequent crunching sound in the right temporomandibular joint, which developed one month ago. In the morning the crunching is more frequent and decreases towards the evening. Objectively: the face is symmetrical, the skin over the joint is without changes, the mouth opens by 2.9 mm. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?
On examination of a 27-year-old patient the tip of the dental probe caught on the ?ssures of the 36, 37, and 38 teeth. Margins of the enamel defect are dark, the surface is coarse. Teeth transillumination with photopolymer lamp revealed the defect to be limited to the enamel. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 68-year-old patient addressed a surgical department of a dental clinic for extraction of the 45 tooth. During procedure the patient developed burning retrosternal pain attack irradiating to the left shoulder, scapula, hand. The skin is pale, BP is 140/100 mm Hg, heart rate is rapid. Skin hyperplasia can be observed in the Zakharin-Head's zones. What emergency condition did the patient develop?
After sustained trauma a man developed nose bleeding, reduced mouth opening, sensation of paresthesia in the right infraorbital region and lower eyelid. Objectively the face is asymmetric due to concave right temporal region; step deformity symptom is observed in the middle of the lower right eye socket and in the area of zygomaticoalveolar crest. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 14-year-old boy complains of rapid wearing-off of tooth crowns. Objectively: tooth crowns are worn-off by 1/3. Enamel easily chips off and is pale gray in color. Make the diagnosis:
A 63-year-old man complains of pain in the area of maxillary mucogingival fold caused by using a removable laminar denture. Objectively: in the area of the mucogingival fold there is a trophic ulcer with swollen margins and hemorrhaging ?oor. Make the diagnosis:
Objective examination of a 10-year-old child revealed slight hyperemia, in?ltration, and dryness of the whole surface of the vermillion border. Architectonics of the lips is disturbed. Dryness and contracted sensation are observed in the lips, especially during cold seasons. Make the provisional diagnosis:
A 24-year-old woman made an appointment with the dental surgeon for extraction of tooth 38. What anesthesia should be given to the patient for the procedure of tooth extraction?
During application of tuberal anesthesia the patient developed rapidly increasing tissue edema and reduced mouth opening. What resulted in such a condition?
A woman came to the dental surgeon with complaints of teeth mobility. After objective examination and X-ray analysis she was diagnosed with generalized periodontitis of stages I and II. Which teeth of those affected by periodontitis should be extracted?
After the in?ammatory process in the parotid area a woman developed frequent pain attacks resembling electric current in her face on the right. The attacks last for 1520 minutes. The most likely diagnosis is:
Mother and her 11-year-old daughter came to the medical station. According to the mother her daughter has fallen when playing outdoors. The doctor determined the patient to have an isolated mechanical injury of soft tissues in her cheek with damaged skin. Make the diagnosis:
The patient with shallow vestibule of mouth and edentulous mandible underwent a surgery: a mucoperiosteal ?ap was relocated from the alveolar ridge to the body of the mandible and ?xed with denture acting as a bandage. What surgical procedure was used for vestibular deepening?
A 7-year-old girl received conduction anesthesia with 2% articaine solution for extraction of tooth 16. She has no history of allergies. After receiving anesthesia the patient complained of weakness, she developed skin pallor, cyanosis, and nausea. Her blood pressure dropped signi?cantly. The patient is conscious. What is the provisional diagnosis?
An ambulance has delivered an 8year-old child to an admission room. An oral surgeon has made the following diagnosis: odontogenic phlegmon of the right submandibular area. What surgical approach would be advicable for surgical treatment of this phlegmon?
A 42-year-old man came to the prosthodontics clinic to have dental prosthesis made for him. Objectively teeth 34, 35, 36, 43, and 16 are absent in this patient. During examination alginate impressions for diagnostic models were obtained. What should be used for disinfection of obtained impressions?
A 36-year-old woman needs a dental prosthesis. Objectively there is a carious cavity on the mesial masticatory surface of tooth 46, interdental contact is disturbed. Dental inlay is to be made for this patient. According to Black's classi?cation of dental caries this cavity is class:
A 45-year-old man complains of pain and crepitation in the temporomandibular joint during the movements of the lower jaw. Objectively: the face is symmetrical, the mouth opens with slight displacement to the left. Dentition is intact. On occlusiography there were detected centric and eccentric supracontacts. What treatment methods should be applied in the ?rst place?
A 45-year-old patient after administration of local anesthesia in preparation for oral surgery has suddenly felt unwell, developed increasing edema of laryngeal mucosa and respiration disorder. The dentist stopped the manipulations in the oral cavity. What type of asphyxia developed in the patient?
A 19-year-old young man, who was waiting for the appointed time at the dentist's, suddenly developed an attack: his face became purple, bloody foam ?owed from his mouth (bitten tongue), pupils were dilated and unresponsive to light, the patient developed ?rst tonic then clonic convulsions that stopped spontaneously, after that he calmed down and fell asleep quickly. What happened with the patient?
A victim of a traf?c accident was delivered into the admission room. The patient is supine and unconscious. His skin is cyanotic, respiration is extremely labored, mucosa is pale, blood clots are accumulated in the oral cavity. The patient is diagnosed with displaced bilateral mandibular fracture. How should this patient be transported?
A victim of a traf?c accident was delivered into the admission room. The patient is supine and unconscious. His skin is cyanotic, respiration is extremely labored, mucosa is pale, blood clots are accumulated in the oral cavity. The patient is diagnosed with displaced bilateral mandibular fracture. What measures should be taken to prevent complications in this case?
The hospital received a 19-year-old patient injured in a landmine explosion with an open displaced mandibular fracture in the area of the left mandibular angle and a contused lacerated wound of the left submandibular area. The patient is in moderately severe condition, pulse is 80/min., blood pressure is 110/80 mm Hg. What anesthesia should be given to the patient for initial surgical d-bridement?
A 5-year-old child developed a hemorrhage after pulp extirpation of 74 due to exacerbated chronic pulpitis. The child suffers from Von Willebrand disease. What actions should be taken by the dental surgeon to stop bleeding?
Parents of a 9-year-old child came to the dentist complaining that their child presents with enlarged cervical lymph nodes on the right. During examination palpation revealed the lymph nodes in the right submandibular, cervical, supraclavicular, and infraclavicular areas to be enlarged up to 2-2.5 cm in diameter, painless, non-matted together, and non-fused to the skin (resemble ”potatoes in a sack”). The parents note rapid fatigability and night sweats in their child. What additional examinations should the child be referred for?
A 45-year-old patient complains of inability to properly masticate due to the loss of lateral teeth. The 17, 16, 15, 25, 26, 27, 37, 36, 35, 44, 45, and 46 teeth are missing. The retained teeth exhibit the I-II degree of mobility. The patient is diagnosed with generalized periodontitis. Kennedy class I dentition defects are observed. What construction would be optimal in the given case?
A 70-year-old patient addressed a hospital with complaints of poorly stabilized complete removable dentures of the upper and lower jaws. What method of arti?cial teeth arrangement is preferable in making of a new complete removable denture?
A 2.5-year-old child has fever up to 38.5°C, low appetite, rashes in the oral cavity. The disease onset was 3 days ago. Objectively: the skin of the perioral area is covered in scarce vesicles with clear content. Within the oral cavity on the buccal and lingual mucosa there are sharply painful erosions, 2-3 mm in size, with white coating and hyperemic crown. The gums are swollen, hyperemic. The submandibular lymph nodes are enlarged, painful on palpation. Make the diagnosis:
A 25-year-old man complains of shortterm pain in the tooth on the lower right jaw during eating sweet, hot, and cold food. Objectively: in the 36 tooth on the distal surface there is a carious cavity noncommunicating with the dental cavity, dentin is softened. Probing of the cavity ?oor is painful, percussion is painless. Electric pulp test is 16 microamperes. Make the ?nal diagnosis:
A 30-year-old woman came to the dentist with complaints of uncomfortable sensation of pressure in her upper right tooth, which aggravates in response to hot stimulus, and foul smell from the mouth. Objectively: there is a deep carious cavity in the 17 tooth, which communicates with the tooth cavity. Deep probing causes severe pain, percussion of the 17 tooth is painful. X-ray: there is slight widening of the periodontal ?ssure near the root apex. Electric pulp test - 70 microamperes. What ?nal diagnosis can be made?
Medical committee registers the patients, who for a long time lived in an area polluted with radiation. The patients are advised on the diet that will quickly purge the body from radionuclides. The portion of products rich in pectine should be increased in their diet. Name these products:
A 44-year-old man came to extract destroyed tooth 24. Objectively his face is symmetrical, the crown of 24 is destroyed by 2/3, percussion is painless. Gingival mucosa surrounding the tooth is unchanged. X-ray shows enlarged periodontal ?ssure in the area of the root apex. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 46-year-old man complains of constant losing of a ?lling in his lower right tooth. Objectively: in the 16 tooth on the approximal masticatory surface there is a defect of crown hard tissues at 1/3. The tooth has no discoloration, percussion is painless. What construction should be prescribed?
A 10-year-old boy complains of acute pain attacks in the area of his upper left teeth. The toothache persisted for a night. Objective examination revealed a carious cavity on the masticatory surface of the 26 tooth within parapulpar dentin. Probing is sharply painful at all points of the cavity ?oor. Markedly positive reaction to cold water stimulus is observed. Select the most likely diagnosis:
In a state of inebriation a 36-year-old woman suffered a domestic accident 4 hours ago. She was delivered to the maxillofacial surgery unit. On examination she was provisionally diagnosed with a deep perforating incised wound of the lateral surface of her face with injured perioral area and parotid gland. The woung edges are gaping. This gaping is caused by:
The maxillofacial surgery unit received a patient with complaints of inability to close his mouth. This condition occurred when the patient was biting an apple. Objectively there is a frightened expression on the patient's face, the mouth is open wide, the chin is displaced to the left, salivation is observed. Palpation through the external acoustic meatus detected no movements of the right articular head. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 19-year-old girl addressed an oncologist with complaints of slowly growing tumorlike mass on the tip of her tongue. The mass was ?rst noticed 5-6 years ago. The patient requested no medical help. Objectively: there is a pale pink round growth with wide pedicle on the tongue apex; the growth is painless, elastic; there are no changes of mucosa surrounding the pedicle. Submandibular lymph nodes cannot be palpated. What kind of tumor is it?
During carious cavity preparation in a 20-year-old man, the pulp-chamber ?oor was accidentally perforated and horn of the pulp was exposed. On the carious cavity ?oor there is a point-like puncture surrounded with white predentin. Pink pulp can be seen through the perforation, pulp probing is acutely painful. What treatment should be given to the patient?
A 37-year-old woman came to the dentist with complaints of brief attacks of toothache caused by eating sweets. Objectively there is a shallow carious cavity within enamel. On probing cavity walls and bottom are coarse; there is no response to thermal stimuli. Make the diagnosis:
A 24-year-old patient came to the dentist complaining of chalky lesions on the front teeth. Objectively teeth 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, and 23 present with chalky lesions separated by areas of healthy unchanged enamel. Lesion surface is coarse; there is no response to thermal stimuli. Childhood years of the patient were spent in the area with ?uorine level of 1.8 mg/L in drinking water. Make the diagnosis:
A 48-year-old patient has addressed a hospital with complaints of defects in the paragingival area and slight sensitivity to thermal stimuli. Objectively there are hard tissue defects that resemble a wedge with smooth polished walls on the precervical vestibular surface of the 23 and 24 teeth. Thermal test is slightly positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Parents of a 7-year-old child addressed a hospital with complaints of their child having no permanent teeth in the front area of the mandible. Anamnesis states that the ?rst deciduous teeth erupted at the age of 11 months. Objective clinical examination revealed the following: appearance is without changes; milk occlusion; there are physiological diastema and tremata; edge-to-edge incisor contact. What preliminary diagnosis can be made according to Kalvelis classi?cation?
A 5.5-year-old child is undergoing preventive examination. There are no complaints from the patient. Objectively: in the precervical area of buccal surface of the 75 tooth there is an enamel patch with loss of natural glossiness. The enamel surface is coarse, painless on probing. Tooth percussion is painless. Thermodiagnosis is negative. Damaged enamel stains with 2% water solution of methylene blue. Make the diagnosis:
A 68-year-old man has removable partial dentures made for him. At the stage of checking the denture construction, occlusal contact in the lateral areas is cusp-to-cusp and frontal area has sagittal ?ssure. What mistake was made by the doctor?
An 80-year-old man needs a removable partial denture for the lower jaw. How should the denture boder be located relative to the natural teeth?
A 52-year-old woman needs a dental prosthesis. Upon objective examination a removable partial laminar denture is determined to be optimal denture construction in her case. What material should be applied to the impression tray edges?
A 46-year-old man, a teacher, complains of lower teeth mobility that impedes the process of biting. Objectively the dentition is uninterrupted, front teeth demonstrate the II degree of mobility. X-ray shows straight and ?lled root canals of 32, 31, 41, and 42. What appliance will stabilize front teeth while retaining their aesthetic appearance?
A woman complains of spontaneous attacks of acute pain, with practically no intermissions and irradiation into the temple; cold water slightly mitigates the pain. In tooth 26 examiantion revealed deep carious cavity non-communicating with the dental cavity. Probing of the cavity bottom is acutely painful, the tooth is tender on vertical percussion. Make the provisional diagnosis regarding tooth 26:
A 78-year-old man complains of a painful sore in his mouth that has been persisting for 2 months already. The patient is a smoker. Objectively on the buccal mucosa on the right there is a shallow ulcer up to 1.5 cm in size with lumpy ?oor and uneven margins. There are yellowish granules on its periphery. Palpation is painful, the lesion is soft. Regional lymph nodes are enlarged, painful, and matted together. What is the provisional diagnosis?
A 37-year-old patient has symmetrical face; the mucosa in the area of the 12 tooth root apex projection is pale pink; palpation is painless; the tooth crown is destroyed by 1/3; percussion is painless. X-ray: the root canal of the12toothis?lled to the apex; granuloma 4 mm in diameter is located near the root apex. Choose the method of surgical treatment:
A 48-year-old man presents with verruciform, dense, gray-white growths on the buccal mucosa. The growths protrude above the neighbouring tissues and are surrounded by keratinized gray-white spots that cannot be scraped off. Make the provisional diagnosis:
During preventive examination a patient was diagnosed with precancerous hyperkeratosis of the lower lip vermillion border. What treatment should be prescribed?
A 63-year-old man complains of fever and multiple painful rashes in his oral cavity and on his face and torso. 3-4 days before the rashes appeared he had noticed a burning sensation followed by sharp shooting pain resembling that which occurs during lumbago. The patient takes cytotoxic drugs for leukemia treatment. On examination there are multiple aphthae located in a row on the vermillion border and labial, lingual, and buccal mucosa on the right. The aphthae have hyperemic borders, they are not fused together and are sharply painful on palpation. The right side of the face presents with erythematous spots, vesicles, and erosions. Make the provisional diagnosis:
A 34-year-old man presents with persisting dull pain in his tooth, which aggravates on biting. One week ago the tooth was treated for deep caries. Objectively on the masticatory surface of tooth 36 there is a ?lling, percussion is painful, there is a supracontact observed in the area of 36. X-ray shows unchanged periodontium. What mistake was made when tooth 36 was ?lled?
A 35-year-old man complains of persisting pain in tooth 24, which intensi?es on biting. Objectively on the distal masticatory surface of tooth 24 there is a deep carious cavity ?lled with food debris. Percussion of cavity bottom is painless, there is no pain response to thermal stimuli. Percussion of tooth 24 is acutely painful. X-ray shows no pathologic changes of periapical tissues in the area of root apices of 24. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 22-year-old man complains of tearing, throbbing, constant, intensifying pain in the tooth on the upper left jaw. The pain has been persisting for 4 days. Objectively tooth 26 has deep carious cavity non-communicating with the dental cavity. Probing is painless. Percussion is acutely painful. The tooth is mobile. Mucogingival fold in the area of tooth 26 is painful on palpation. Make the diagnosis:
A 22-year-old patient has suffered unilateral linear fracture in the area of the gonial angle. Immobilization was provided with full dental brace with loops and intermaxillary elastic expansion. Recovery was uncomplicated. The brace should be removed after:
A 27-year-old patient was provisionally diagnosed with acute suppurative odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. What radiology method would be the most informative in this case?
A 22-year-old man presents with swollen and hyperemic mucosa of the retromolar area; tooth 38 is covered with hood-shaped gingival ?ap that discharges pus on palpation; body temperature is 37.5°C. What urgent aid should be given to the patient in this case?
A 43-year-old man came to the maxillofacial surgeon with complaints of aesthetic defect. Examination revealed excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the patient's neck and upper torso, which resembles collar with unclear magins; neck mobility is reduced. Family history shows the same symptoms to be present in the patient's father. Make the provisional diagnosis:
A 73-year-old man is registered for regular check-ups in an oncological clinic after completion of the combined treatment for oral mucosa cancer stage II (radiation therapy and surgery). During one of the routine check-ups an area of exposed mandibular bone is detected. There are no in?ammatory changes of surrounding mucosa. A ?stula tract with soft granulation is detected. Mandibular X-ray shows a sequestrum without clear margin between healthy and necrotic bone. What is the most likely provisional diagnosis?
A 19-year-old patient came to a dentofacial clinic with complaints of pain in the gonial angle on the right, impaired mouth opening and painful chewing. The signs had been persisting for 5 days, emerged spontaneously and had been aggravating gradually. Mandibular contracture is of the III degree. On examination of the oral cavity: hyperemia, edema of the retromolar space on the right, hood-shaped mucosa from under which pus is being discharged and 2 tooth tubercles can be detected. X-ray shows oblique medial tooth position. Make the diagnosis:
Parents of a 6-year-old child complain of their child having a gradually enlarging neoplasm in the left parotid-masticatory region. Skin over the tumor is without discoloration. The tumor is painless, but when the head bends down the tumor increases in size and assumes bluish coloring. What disease can be suspected in the child?
An 11-year-old child presents with protrusion of the upper front teeth, there are tremata and diastema between the child's teeth. What apparatus can be used for treatment of this pathology?
A 40-year-old patient complains of pain in the tragus area, clicking during mouth opening, stuffed ears. Objectively the face is symmetrical, mouth opening path is straight. Dentition defect can be estimated as the I class by Kennedy; the 18, 17, 16, 26, 27, 28 teeth are missing. In this case the load would be the most traumatizing for the following anatomical structure:
A 38-year-old man complains of sensation of a foreign body on his tongue and development of gag re?ex during talking. The signs appeared after the prolonged taking of antibiotics. Objective examination detected thickened and pigmented ?liform papillae enlarged to 2-3 cm in size. Histological analysis detected papillar hyperplasia and marked keratinization without alteration of the surrounding tissues. What is the most likely diagnosis?